Una-Sana Canton
Una-Sana Canton
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 Flag  Coat of arms | |
 Una-Sana Canton within Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| Country | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Cantonal seat | Bihać |
| Government | |
| • Premier | Nijaz Hušić (SDA) |
| • Legislative | Assembly of the Una-Sana Canton |
| Area | |
• Total | 4,201 km2 (1,622 sq mi) |
| Population (2013)[2] | |
• Total | 273,261 |
| • Density | 65/km2 (170/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official languages | Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian |
| Area code | 037 |
| ISO 3166 code | BA-01 |
| HDI (2022) | 0.773[3] high · 4th in BiH |
| Website | www |
The Una-Sana Canton[4] (Bosnian: Unsko-sanski kanton; Croatian: Unsko-sanska županija; Serbian: Унско-сански кантон[4]) is one of the ten cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is located in the northwest of the country, a region known as Bosanska Krajina, and has been named after the rivers Una and Sana. Its cantonal seat is the city of Bihać.
The canton is bordered by Republika Srpska from the east, the Canton 10 from the southeast, and Croatia from the south, west, and north. The majority of the population is Bosniak (90%).[5]
History
[edit]The region has been inhabited since prehistoric times, as evidenced by numerous archaeological sites, ancient fortresses, and medieval towns.[6] Settlements like Bihać, first mentioned by Béla IV of Hungary in 1260, and Ključ, referenced in 1322 by Stephen II, Ban of Bosnia, highlight the area's medieval significance.
In 1463, the Ottoman Empire conquered Ključ, marking the fall of the medieval Bosnian state. During Ottoman rule, fortifications such as Ostrožac Castle, dating back to the 13th century, were expanded to strengthen the empire's hold on the region.
Following the Ottoman period, the area became part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and later the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Independent State of Croatia, and finally the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
During the Bosnian War (1992–1995), the region experienced significant conflict, including the Siege of Bihać and the founding of the Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia proto-state, which led to the Intra-Bosnian Muslim War (1993–1995).
The canton was officially established on June 12, 1996, following the Washington Agreement.
Geography
[edit]The Una and Sana rivers are central to the canton's geography. The Una flows along the western border, while the Sana river traverses the eastern part. The region's climate is classified as Cfb, characterized by moderate cold winters and warm summers, which supports diverse vegetation and agricultural activities.
Government
[edit]Like all cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the head of the Una-Sana Canton is called the Premier. The current Premier is Nijaz Hušić, having served since 5 December 2023.[7] The legislative body of the Canton is the Assembly of the Una-Sana Canton.
Demographics
[edit]Municipalities
[edit]The Una-Sana Canton consists of eight municipalities:
| Municipality/City | Population | Area (km2) |
|---|---|---|
| Cazin | 66,149 | 356 |
| Bihać | 56,261 | 900 |
| Sanski Most | 41,475 | 781 |
| Velika Kladuša | 40,419 | 331 |
| Bosanska Krupa | 25,545 | 561 |
| Bužim | 19,340 | 129 |
| Ključ | 16,744 | 358 |
| Bosanski Petrovac | 7,328 | 709 |
| Total | 273,261 | 4,201.17 |
2013 Census
[edit]| Municipality/City | Nationality | Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bosniaks | % | Croats | % | Serbs | % | ||
| Bihać | 49,550 | 88.07 | 3265 | 5.80 | 910 | 1.61 | 56,261 |
| Bosanska Krupa | 23,578 | 92.29 | 66 | 0.25 | 1,260 | 4.93 | 25,545 |
| Bosanski Petrovac | 3,179 | 43.38 | 26 | 0.35 | 3,996 | 54.53 | 7,328 |
| Bužim | 19,207 | 99.31 | 8 | 0.04 | 1 | 0.005 | 19,340 |
| Cazin | 63,463 | 95.93 | 320 | 0.48 | 29 | 0.04 | 66,149 |
| Ključ | 16,130 | 96.33 | 30 | 0.17 | 273 | 1.63 | 16,744 |
| Sanski Most | 38,344 | 92.45 | 722 | 1.74 | 1837 | 4.42 | 41,475 |
| Velika Kladuša | 32,561 | 80.55 | 636 | 1.57 | 146 | 0.36 | 40,419 |
| Canton | 246,012 | 90.02 | 5,073 | 1.85 | 8,452 | 3.09 | 273,261 |
Traffic
[edit]Due to the proximity to Croatia and its narrow northern outline, various important traffic lines between Zagreb and the Adriatic traverse the Una-Sana canton, such as the railway line Novi Grad-Bihać-Knin. The airport of Željava is located near Bihać and is located right between the Bosnian and Croatian border.
See also
[edit]Footnotes
[edit]- ^ Census 2013 in Bosnia and Herzegovina. BHAS.
- ^ Census 2013 in Bosnia and Herzegovina. BHAS.
- ^ "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 10 October 2024.
- ^ a b "The Constitution of the Una-Sana Canton" (PDF).
- ^ Census 2013 in Bosnia and Herzegovina. BHAS.
- ^ "Heritage – UNASANA". Retrieved 7 April 2025.
- ^ FENA (5 December 2023). "USK dobio novu Vladu, premijer Nijaz Hušić". N1 (in Bosnian). Retrieved 7 April 2025.
References
[edit]- Fejzović, Emrah (19 January 2022). "Žao mi je zbog porodice i prijatelja, nije lako odreći se državljanstva: Iseljavanje posebno je izraženo u ovom kantonu". Hayat TV. Sarajevo. Retrieved 22 October 2022.
- "Krajišnici odlaze". Federalna televizija. Sarajevo. 12 May 2021. Retrieved 22 October 2022.
- "Iseljavanje: Najveći broj ljudi odlazi iz Bihaća, Bužima, Velike Kladuše i Bosanske Krupe". Inmedia. Sanski Most. 13 February 2019. Retrieved 22 October 2022.
- "USK: Izdato oko 11.400 potvrda o nekažnjavanju u svrhu zapošljavanja van BiH". RadioBK. Bosanska Krupa. Retrieved 22 October 2022.
- "USK ostao bez trećine đaka u deset godina, 400 nastavnika prekobrojno, slijedi ukidanje škola?". Dnevnik.ba. Mostar. 17 September 2021. Retrieved 22 October 2022.
- "Zbog iseljavanja školama prijeti gašenje, nastavnicima upitan posao". Federalna televizija. Sarajevo. 10 September 2022. Retrieved 22 October 2022.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Una-Sana Canton at Wikimedia Commons
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